Juvenile Justice 6th Edition by Kären M. Hess – Test Bank

Chapter 1- Young Offender Justice: Definitions, Measurement, and Course of

A Collection of Decisions

1. The inaugural juvenile courtroom was established in:
a. 1899
b. 1910
c. 1818
d. 1925
ANS: A REF: 24 LO: 2

2. The perception that the government assumes responsibility for the care of children and youth is known as:
a. the child saver concept
b. juvenile legal system
c. lex talionis
d. parens patriae
ANS: D REF: 34 LO: 1

3. An offense that would not be considered a crime if committed by an adult is referred to as:
a. juvenile classification
b. status offense
c. delinquency
d. adjudication
ANS: B REF: 3 LO: 2

4. The age at which a young person falls under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court is determined by:
a. the US Department of Justice
b. the FBI
c. each state
d. District Courts
ANS: C REF: 4 LO: 2

5. The shadow figure of criminal activity is focused on which of the following:
a. crimes that exclusively take place at night
b. true number of crimes
c. only refers to UCR Index I offenses
d. white-collar crimes
ANS: B REF: 14 LO: 3

6. Holding wrongdoers accountable to the victim relates to:
a. retributive justice
b. distributive justice
c. restorative justice
d. general justice
ANS: C REF: 5 LO: 3

7. Information and statistics gathered by the police, courts, and/or correctional agencies are known as:
a. unofficial data
b. official data
c. self-report data
d. jurisdiction report data
ANS: B REF: 5 LO: 3

8. Which of the following is designed as a complement or replacement for the summarized data of the UCR?
a. NIBRS
b. NCVS
c. YRBSS
d. NCVJ
ANS: A REF: 9 LO: 4

9. Self-disclosure studies on delinquency indicate that:
a. delinquency is regional
b. delinquency is higher in southern states
c. delinquency is nearly universal
d. delinquency is higher in urban areas
ANS: C REF: 10 LO: 5

10. All the subsequent are status offenses except:
a. curfew violations
b. smoking cigarettes
c. car theft
d. chronic truancy
ANS: C REF: 6 LO: 2

11. Which of the subsequent is a hallmark of a state governmental agency holding comprehensive state control over services?
a. decentralized states
b. community and management
c. centralized states
d. structure of delinquency agencies
ANS: C REF: 16 LO: 7

12. The three primary components of the juvenile justice system are:
a. law enforcement, social services, and corrections
b. law enforcements, courts, and school
c. law enforcement, courts, and corrections
d. law enforcement, social services, and courts
ANS: C REF: 16 LO: 3

13. The notion that justice involves four parties, offender and victim, government, and community, is known as:
a. restorative justice
b. general justice
c. particular justice
d. retributive justice
ANS: A REF: 5 LO: 3

14. The formal cessation of formal juvenile proceedings against an alleged offender and the referral to a treatment or care program by a private or public service agency is called:
a. petitioning
b. diversion
c. detention
d. intake
ANS: B REF: 18 LO: 6

15. The procedure involving youths that is analogous to the initial hearing in the adult system is called:
a. dispositional hearing
b. probation hearing
c. adjudication hearing
d. transfer to adult court
ANS: C REF: 19 LO: 6

16. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS):
a. focuses on arrests of offenders
b. collects data on crimes against individuals and families
c. measures violent and property crimes
d. enables youth to personally disclose information about their violation(s) of the law
ANS: B REF: 9 LO: 3

17. When a potentially delinquent youth is sent forward for legal processing and is received by a juvenile or family court or juvenile intake agency, it is called:
a. arrest
b. adjudication
c. referral
d. intake
ANS: C REF: 17 LO: 6

18. The approach that groups those who are abused and neglected, those who commit status offenses, and those who are delinquents into the same judicial system.
a. general justice
b. restorative justice
c. one-pot approach
d. retributive approach
ANS: C REF: 3 LO: 1

19. Retributive justice:
a. is applied in juvenile courts when victims recover actual items that have been stolen
b. is when there is a retrial in juvenile court
c. is seldom used except in cases involving misdemeanors
d. is when vengeance is sought for behavior that is unlawful
ANS: D REF: 9 LO: 3

20. Restorative justice:
a. holds offenders accountable to the state
b. is a method of restoring physical and emotional well-being in community hospitals
c. emphasizes that offenders must actively contribute to repair harm they have caused to victims and communities
d. focuses on refurbishing jails rather than constructing new facilities
ANS: C REF: 5 LO: 3